Abstract: Objective：To investigate the expression levels of miRNA in kidney biopsies of child patients with nephrotic syndrome and the possibility of miRNA as potential markers in differentiating the pathologic subtypes of nephrosis. Methods：Kidney biopsy specimens from 41 child patients with nephrotic syndrome, including 22 with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN), 8 with minimal change disease (MCD) and 11 with endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (ECPGN), were collected, and adult nephridial tissues from 8 patients without renal inadequacy were selected as controls. The expression levels of miR-191, miR-151-3p, miR-150, miR-30a-5p and miR-19b in nephridial tissues were detected by RT-qPCR, and their correlations with renal function related parameters were analyzed. Results：Compared with the controls, the miR-191 levels in kidney tissues of child patients with nephrotic syndrome increased significantly (P<0.01), while the miR-151-3p levels decreased obviously (P<0.01). The expression levels of miR-150 in MCD patients were significantly lower than those in MsPGN and ECPGN patients and the controls (P<0.05). The expression levels of these miRNAs were positively correlated with serum IgG, TP and Cr levels, but negatively with serum TC levels (P<0.05). Conclusion：The expression levels of miRNA in kidney tissues of child patients with nephrotic syndrome are related to pathological typing of nephrosis, and miR-150 may be a potential marker which may differentiate MCD from other subtypes of nephrosis.