宿迁地区碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌科细菌耐药性及碳青霉烯酶基因型分析
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徐州医科大学;宿迁市第一人民医院,徐州医科大学,徐州医科大学,徐州医科大学;徐州医科大学附属医院,徐州医科大学;徐州医科大学附属医院

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江苏省自然科学基金资助项目;江苏省医学重点人才项目


Drug resistance and genotypes of carbapenemase in carbapenem- resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains from Suqian,China
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Xuzhou Medical University;the Suqian First Hospital,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou Medical University;the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou Medical University;the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University

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    摘要:

    目的:了解宿迁地区耐碳青霉烯肠杆菌科细菌(Carbapenem- resistant Enterobacteriaceae,CRE)分布、耐药特点及产碳青霉烯酶的主要类型。方法:收集宿迁地区3家三级综合医院2016年1月至12月临床分离的CRE非重复菌株52株,E-test法测定厄他培南、亚胺培南、美罗培南、替加环素的最低抑菌浓度(MICs),纸片扩散法检测对其他抗菌药物的敏感性,聚合酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)检测碳青霉烯酶基因。结果:CRE菌株标本来源广泛,痰液(38.5%)、尿液(28.8%)位于前两位;菌种分布以大肠埃希菌为主,其次为肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌。大部分CRE菌株对碳青霉烯类药物显示了高水平耐药(MIC>32㎎/L),未检测到碳青霉烯酶基因的菌株中厄他培南比亚胺培南及美罗培南显示更高的MICs;CRE菌株对大多临床常用抗菌药物耐药率超过90%,对阿米卡星及米诺环素耐药率低于50% ,未发现对替加环素耐药株。49株CRE检测到碳青霉烯酶基因,产酶比例94.2%,其中bla<sub>NDM-1</sub>占主导(79.6%),bla<sub>KPC</sub>次之(22.4%);bla<sub>NDM-1</sub>菌株主要为大肠埃希菌(66.7%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(15.4%)、阴沟肠杆菌(10.3%)。bla<sub>KPC</sub>菌株中,除1株同时携带bla<sub>NDM-1</sub>为大肠埃希菌,其余均是肺炎克雷伯菌。结论:宿迁地区CRE以大肠埃希菌为主,对常用抗菌药物呈高度耐药,产生碳青霉烯酶是对碳青霉烯类耐药的主要耐药机制,其中bla<sub>NDM-1</sub>是主要型别。临床应加强CRE的监测工作,采取合理的预防控制措施,防止耐药基因的传播。

    Abstract:

    Objective: To investigate the clinical distribution, drug resistance and main genotypes of carbapenemase of Carbapenem- resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE )in Suqian area. Methods: 52 unrepeated clinical CRE isolates were collected beteen January and December 2016 from three hospitals in Suqian. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using disk diffusion and ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, tigecycline were conducted to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) by E-test method. Carbapenemase genes were detected by Polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results:CRE strains were isolated from various clinical specimens,of which the top two were sputum(38.5%) and urine(28.8%). SE. coli was the most common bacteria,followed by K. pneumoniaeS andSE. cloacae. Most isolates had high levels carbapenem resistance(MICs>32㎎/L)and the isolates carried non- carbapenase gene had higher MICs of ertapenem than of imipenem and meropenem. The resistance rate of CRE isolates to most antimicrobial agents was >90% except amikacin(40.4%),minocycline(30.8%),tigecycline(0%). The carbapenemaseSgene was present in 94.2% of the isolates,with a majority of genes being bla<sub>NDM-1</sub> (79.6%) and bla<sub>KPC</sub> (22.4%).Most of the bla<sub>NDM-1</sub>-producing isolates were E. coli(66.7%), K. pneumoniaeS(15.4%), E. cloacae(10.3%).All of the isolates carried bla<sub>KPC </sub>were K. pneumoniae except 1 E. coli to harbour both bla<sub>NDM-1</sub> and bla<sub>KPC</sub>. Conclusion: The CRE strains in suqian were mainly E. coli and the antibiotic resistance is very high. Production of carbapenemase can be the main factor contributing to carbapenem resistance ,among which bla<sub>NDM-1</sub> were the major types. High attention should be paid to monitoring CRE isolates and it is necessary to put appropriate infection control measures to prevent the spread of these bacteria.

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张保荣,毕茹茹,孔子艳,马萍,顾兵.宿迁地区碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌科细菌耐药性及碳青霉烯酶基因型分析[J].临床检验杂志,2018,(9):667-671

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-24
  • 最后修改日期:2018-09-17
  • 录用日期:2018-09-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-10-31
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