Abstract: Objective：To evaluate the application of four formulae for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine or cystatin C in health examination population. Methods：A total of 2 032 cases were selected randomly from health examination population to determined serum creatinine and cystatin C, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). eGFR were calculated by 4 formulae, i.e., isotope dilution mass spectrometry modification of diet in renal disease (IDMS-MDRD) formula and chronic kidney disease epidemiology cooperation (CKD-EPI) formula: creatinine (EPI-Cr), cystatin C (EPI-Cys) and CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C combination formula (EPI-Cr-Cys), and the results were compared. Results：Of the 2 032 subjects, serum creatinine was (65.4±14.3) μmol/L, serum cystatin C was (0.77±0.19) mg/L, the median of urine ACR was 3.1 mg/g Cr. The eGFR valus were divided into 3 groups, <60 mL/min/1.73 m², 60-89 mL/min/1.73 m² and ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m². The numbers of distribution in each group calculated by 4 eGFR formulae were significantly different (all P<0.05). The CKD prognosis by combination of GFR and ACR were divided into 4 stages: low risk, moderately increased risk, high risk and very high risk. The cases in each stage calculated by 4 eGFR formulae showed no significantly different (all P>0.05). Among the 2 032 cases, the number of eGFR calculated by EPI-Cr formula between 45 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m² was 44 cases (2.2%), the number of eGFR calculated by IDMS-MDRD formula between 45 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m² was 58 cases (2.9%) in whom 45 cases were <30 mg/gCr of ACR results. Among this 45 cases, the eGFR values of 40 cases calculated by EPI-Cr-Cys formulawere > 60 mL/min/1.73 m². Conclusion：The estimated stages of CKD prognosis by combination of eGFR and ACR may significantly improve the consistency of the 4 eGFR formulae. For the eGFR values calculated by IDMS-MDRD formula between 45 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m², CysC measurement should be recommanded, and EPI-Cr-Cys formula should be suggested to calculate eGFR in order to reduce misdiagnosis of CKD.